Shells and Terminals

Windows launches the shells/cli applications first, and then attaches the terminal.
(Source: MS DevBlogs)

Shells

Unix-Like

sh - Bourne-Shell
csh - C-Shell
tcsh - Tenex C Shell
bash - Bourne-Again Shell (GNU/Bash)
zsh - Z Shell (ext: oh-my-zsh, zsh-autosuggestions (fish like))
ksh - KornShell
fish - Friendly Interactive Shell (Not sh compatible) (ext: oh-my-fish)

Windows

cmd.exe - Windows Command Prompt
powershell.exe - Windows Powershell
pwsh.exe - Powershell Core

Terminal Emulators

Unix-Like

• TTY/Pseudo-TTY
• XTerm
• GNOME Terminal
• Konsole
• Hyper
• Alacritty
• kitty

Extensions: Screen, Tmux

MacOS

• MacOS Terminal
• iTerm

Android

• Termux

Windows

conhost.exe - Windows Console
wt.exe - Windows Terminal